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cejwown bow CARAMEL COOKER G. E. GARABRANT ET AL Filed Jan. 14. 1924 V0d 192s.

G. E. GARABRANT ET AL VCARAMEL. coolmx Filed Jan. 14,V 1924 2 sheds-sneu z Patented Oct. 27, 1,925.

naar ENE cement GEORGE E. GARABRANnoE IRV'I'NGTON, nNnfEiiWnn'E'BEki oi* E'SELLEINAEW" JERSEY; SAID GARABRANT AssIGNO'Ero sAin- Bizet? CARAMEL cooxEnf" Application ined January' 214, 1924.?v sriaiI N sssibsr.-

Be' it known that` We; GE'oRenlE.- Gina' nnAN'r and EDWARnE BECK, citizen's'of the United States; and Iresidin,respectively, at Irvingtomwin the "county of Essex "and StateA4 of New'dersey," and Roselle, inthe- 'countyHKV of Unionand "Statiev of'iNeW Jerse ,have l invented a new* and Tmpi'oyed" iaranielf' Cooker, of tWhicl'r the following specific-a-r tion is a full disclosure.

This inyention relatesfto confectioner7s furnaces and'more particular1yi 1to that type which uses" gas as ffue'l 'to-produc'e'fthef' necessaryheatr cooking purposes. I

In fthe manufacture of -certain"lkinds 'of candyl eithenoftw'o approved types 'of' iurnaces are usuallyused "of lthese'typesV is'desilgn'ed# to 'use"solid"fuel, such as coal', andlinthe'otherjxgaseous"'fuelj'is usech It has" been"founChhoWever, that 'the' gast "fur` naces as heretofore "constructed,l are iWholly unsui'ted for coolcingfcertain "candies such as caraine'land fudge." These' candies, due to the nature of their ingredients,- are par# ticula'rly)susceptible to heat' and 'great 4care niust be taken during 'the cooking "toV 'preventv the batch 'freinbiirning.`

Gas Vcandy-cookin'g 'urjnaces,"` asheretooreconstifufetedfincluded` a relatively .'sniall* burner 'which directed "the greater portion of the heat to a restricted'ar'eaofthe kettle con-l taining; ,the batch-of` materialV tobe cooked, ThisA frequently caused" burning of' the candy which resulted' 'either in "a complete loss of 'the batch' or the 'production ofan inferior grade of candy depe`ndent npon' the negree of the burn." This-condition has ledto the ahnost universal practiceof'usig coal furnaces for cooking caramel and fudge."

There are lmany reasons," rorna' lnanufacturers point of View, for'iiav'ri'ng the'` gas 'furnace over the coal furnace,A It will' readily bei perceived that, in uthe "furnace," maxirnuni heat -is attained 'instantaneou'xsl'y.` and therefore the 4furnace 'need be'jlighted" only during,` the actual cooking' 'ofthecand Whereas the coal furnaces innst be'in'o1'5erai tion a considerable timebefore and"afte'r the candvfis cooked. Fur'therinore, theggas iurnaeesuare inuch cleaner than the coal fui-5 naces dueto the natre of the uelused in each. cvAlso, in the gas fiiinaces' there are substantially no fluctuations in heat`,wherea`s' thefcoal furnaces requiregreat care" and attention to maintain an approximately even heat. Many other reasons Inight be set forth in favor'oftl'ie 'gas fumaesfall of AWhich-- show: that ihefuniversal adoptionof the 'coal' l furnacesfor the niannf'actuie' ofcarainel and'- fudg'e haswbeeh"only."becausey of f'tha-better `60 qnality offthefcandy I`produced;

Due'fto the impossibility of consistently inakln'gf'- good tud-ge andearamelon 'lthefgas`r turnaces and the disadvantages, inconyem* ienc'esf-andfexpense'1in the installationfand 65 operation of coal-furnaces, infost small m-anirv' faeturers f have discontinedthe'x inanufae' turev4 ofthes'e fcandies. They -are*therefore*A depende-nt upon -the large*VV 1nanufaccurers-E who'seprodctibn '.Warrantland'mreqnire 'an' 70 almost constantoperati'or' lof icoal furnaces.Vl With 'these- Conditions 'in View; this Einvention hasr foranobje'ctfso to improve gasfflirnac'iesKV off 'this nature that; Withoutsac'rifieingfvtheir inherent advantages; their utility -"and ei' '75 cen'cy ;'\vi11 be greatly -inreasedto -include iall of 'theadtfantageslof thdeoal furnaces,-^so" thatl a f 51nandfacturer* 'equipped with an iinpr ved gais, furna'fre ina'y` successfully inanu faam-e any 'and finlande of candyuieren; S0

A- fur'ther fobj ect of* this'l f'invention 'is'fto' provide" sinip1e"`antl effective meansi 1 which nia-y -be el'nb'odied` in fthefgas furnaces new" in' use-t increaseE their adaptabilityIandrenden them capable of performingivork 'for' which )1 S5 they `jWere"-he`retofore' unsui'te'df These" adlother 'objects haV'e'been attained by "-'providingfnieans for eVenIySdist-ribu't-- ing the heat` ron the fgas `rburnerover' sub stant'ially the Y- entire vloot-tornl ofl the kettle 90 inste'afdoflpernitt'inig'it to concentrate on'aE relative sliiallarea I" as-it didi heretofore.'- Thus' "byiso" `ldistributingf `'the hea-t the'` salire effect is obtained as by I'usin'g a coal furnace anc'lfany''kindof? candy may becooke'd suc?" 95 ce'ss'i'ully| thereof-L?- r n Other objects t'andacflviantages -Will be' inpart indicated inf the followi'ig*description' and' in A"p art rendered 'apparent therefror'n in connection fwitli the annexed drawings.

To enable' others'skilled in the artV sofully to apprehend the underlying features here-V of: thatrthey inay Vembody tliesanie in ythe vai-ions Ways" "contemplated by 'f this inven tion,l (:liawir'ifgsv depicting-a I'preferred typical' 105 constuctionlhave been annexed as Vlapart of this 'disclosure and, 'in' such 'diaWings,-like characters 'of referentie" denote correspo'ndlf partsA througheut all`v the views," of' which the burner.

the burner.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a confectioners gas furnace embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of the heat distributing device and Fig. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section of Fig. 2. The invention cons-ists in Combining with the usual gas furnace a heat distributing unit 2 which receives the heat from the relatively small gas burner 3 and distributes it evenly over substantially the entire lower surface of a kettle K supported upon a suitable casing 1, as by means of a ring or plate 14. This breaking up of the heat and the even distribution of it over a relatively great area produces the same effect as is obtained in the coal furnace and therefore any kind of candy may be cooked without the danger of burning.

Candy kettles as commonly constructed are of substantially semi-spherical form; thus, when the kettle is supported centrally above a small burner, the heat from the burner is concentrated en a relatively small area which is at point closest to the center of With the heat thus concentrated it is almost impossible to properly cook caramel and fudge for the reasons above stated.

To effect a more even distribution of heat, the distributing unit 2I is made the same shape as the burner, that is circular, and its upper wall 5 is preferably concaved as shown at 6. The curvature of this wall is substantially the same as the curvature of the bottom of the kettle whereby all points on the upper surface of the wall are maintained substantially the same distance from the kettle. This curvature also serves to deflect the heat both upwardly and outwardly from The upper wall 5 is formed with a plurality of elongated apertures by means of which the heat is evenly distributed over substantially the entire bottom of the kettle. These apertures preferably radiate from the center of the unit and constitute two series, of which one series consists of pairs of relatively short apertures 8 located end to end, and another' series which consists of single relatively long apertures 8L located equi-distant between adjacent pairs of smaller apertures. This arrangement has been found very effective in evenly distributing the heat from the burner.

The heat distributing unit is formed with an annular vertical wall 7 which serves as a support for the upper wall 5 and also prevents too great spreading of the heat. This wall is provided with apertures 9 through which a portion of the heat escapes, thereby maintaining the same temperature above the periphery of the unit as above the more centrally located parts thereof. In the lower edge of the wall 7 is a series of openings 7b which provide spaced feet 7X for supporting the unit on the curved inner surface of the tire brick Z). These openings also serve tessere as air passages which aid in combustion and the distribution of heat. erably made of heavy cast metal which, during the cooking operation, becomes heated and which, due to the amount of metalv contained therein and also to the provision of the substantially closed vertical wall 7 gives off its heat slowly after the gas flame has been extinguished. Therefore with this device the flame may be extinguished a substantial time before the candy is completely cooked and the heat contained in the unit will be given ofi' gradually and will continue to cook the candy in the manner of a socalled fireless cooker thereby effecting a substantial saving in fuel. During certain tests the batch of candy has continued to boil fifteen minutes or longer after the flame was extinguished.

The formation and arrangement of the apertures 8 and 8fL have been found to contain decided advantages over a greater number of smaller apertures inasmuch as the former provide ample passages for the even distribution of the heat wit-hout providing relatively thin separating walls between the apertures which, being subjected to the heat of the burner, rapidly burn through and thus destroy the unit. The thicker dividing walls as provided between the apertures 8 and 8, also serve to retain the heat better than thinner walls and thus the very desirable tireless cooker effect is gained.

This heat distributing unit is supported in the usual lire pot 10 sufliciently above the burner to permit complete combustion beneath the same. Fuel may be furnished to the burner 3 by means of the usual gas pipe 11 and air pipe 12. The burner may also be provided with the usual pilot light 13.

From the foregoing it will be perceived that we have combined with the usual gas furnace a device which, although simple in construction, effectively overcomes the inherent defects of such furnaces and provides greater utility by permitting their use for purposes which they were heretofore unsuited.

l/Vithout further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of the features that, from the standpoint of the prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of either the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalency of the following claims.

Having thus revealed this invention, we claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations and elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States:

The unit 2 is preflOt ranged alternately singly and in pairs with the single apertures spaced equi-distantly 10 between adjacent pairs of apertures.

In Witness whereof, we hereunto subscribe our names.

GEORGE E. GARABRANT. [nel EDWARD E. BECK. [Ls] Y 

